What is melasma?

Melasma is a type of hyperpigmentation that usually appears as brown or gray-brown patches on the skin, most commonly on the face. It is often triggered by hormonal changes, such as those occurring during pregnancy, with the use of hormonal contraceptives, or during hormone replacement therapy. The condition involves an overproduction of melanin in the skin, which can be exacerbated by sun exposure, but the primary cause is linked to the hormonal fluctuations.

Understanding the nature of melasma helps in recognizing its association with certain life stages and hormonal therapies, making it distinct from other skin conditions like acne or dermatitis, which have different underlying causes.