What is hyperpigmentation characterized by?

Hyperpigmentation is characterized by darkened areas of skin. This condition occurs when excess melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color, is produced in certain areas, leading to patches or spots that are darker than the surrounding skin. Various factors can contribute to hyperpigmentation, including sun exposure, hormonal changes, inflammation, and certain skin injuries. Recognizing this characteristic is essential for skin analysis and treatment planning, as it informs the choice of products and therapies aimed at evening out skin tone and reducing pigmentation.

The other options do not accurately describe hyperpigmentation: redness in the skin refers to conditions like inflammation or irritation, dry flaky patches suggest a different texture issue possibly linked to dryness or eczema, and increased oil production is associated with oily skin types rather than pigmentation concerns.